Surgery for Piles, Fissure, Fistula

Surgery is often considered a last resort to treat conditions such as hemorrhoids, fissures, and fistulas. However, surgery may be necessary if other treatments do not provide relief or the symptoms are severe. Here is a brief description of the surgical options for each condition:

Hemorrhoids (hemorrhoids):

Hemorrhoidectomy: This surgical procedure removes hemorrhoid tissue. It is usually reserved for severe cases or when other treatments have not provided relief. There are several techniques for performing a hemorrhoidectomy, including traditional surgical excision and newer methods such as stapled hemorrhoidopexy.
Cracks:

Lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS): This procedure involves cutting a small portion of the internal anal sphincter muscle to reduce spasms and improve blood flow to the fissure area to promote healing. LIS is generally recommended for chronic fissures that have not responded to conservative treatments.
Fistulas:

Fistulotomy: In this procedure, the surgeon cuts the entire length of the fistula to allow it to heal from the inside out. A fistulotomy is usually the preferred treatment for simple or direct fistulas.
Fistulectomy: involves removing the entire fistula and surrounding tissue. This may be necessary for more complex or recurrent fistulas.
Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT): LIFT is a relatively new technique that involves ligating the internal opening of the fistula tract to allow the rest of the duct to heal. It is often used for high intersphincteric fistulas.